三菱ふそうトラック・バス株式会社より改善対策届出が出ております
2009年12月26日
三菱ふそうトラック・バス株式会社より
平成21 年 12 月17 日に改善対策届出が出ております
不具合の部位(部品名)
室内照明（室内灯間および端部カバー）
その原因
大型観光バスの室内照明において、
室内灯間及び端部カバーの固定方法が不適切なため、
走行中の車体振動などにより、
当該カバーが脱落するおそれがある。
改善対策の内容
全車両、室内灯間及び端部カバーに脱落防止用金具を追加する。
三菱
PDG-MM96FH
ふそう
エアロエース
MM96FH-20002〜MM96FH-20173
平成20 年2 月4 日〜平成21 年11 月16 日
170
BKG-MS96JP
MS96JP-20006〜MS96JP-21309
平成19 年9 月6 日〜平成21 年11 月19 日
1,006
BKG-MS96JP
ふそう
エアロクィーン
MS96JP-20007〜MS96JP-21310
平成19 年9 月4 日〜平成21 年11 月19 日
294
ニッサン
ディーゼル
PDG-AM96FH −
AM96FH-20001〜AM96FH-20008
平成20 年6 月19 日〜平成21 年4 月16 日
8
BKG-AS96JP −
AS96JP-20001〜AS96JP-20047
平成19 年9 月19 日〜平成21 年9 月10 日
47
(計5 型式) （計3 車種）
（製作期間の全体の範囲）
平成19 年9 月4 日〜平成21 年11 月19 日
（計1,525 台）
詳細はメーカーページへ
http://www.mitsubishi-fuso.com/jp/news/recall.html
http://www.nissandiesel.co.jp/RECALL/h21.html
この記事へのコメント
(Fallon)
Beyond The Androgen Receptor: The Role Of Growth Hormone Secretagogues In The Modern Management Of Body Composition In Hypogonadal Males
PERMALINK
Beyond The Androgen Receptor: The Role Of Growth Hormone Secretagogues In The Modern Management
Of Body Composition In Hypogonadal Males
Deepankar K Sinha
Adithya Balasubramanian
Alexander J Tatem
Jorge Rivera-Mirabal
Justin Yu
Jason Kovac
Alexander W Pastuszak
Larry I Lipshultz
Abstract
Hypogonadism in adult males is frequently accompanied by a
loss of lean body mass, increased adiposity, and diminished functional capacity.
While testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) remains the cornerstone for correcting hormonal deficits, it does not fully
address alterations in growth hormone (GH) dynamics
that contribute to unfavorable body composition changes.
Growth hormone secretagogues (GHSs), including synthetic peptides and small molecules that stimulate endogenous GH release, have emerged as promising adjuncts in this setting.
This review synthesizes current evidence on the efficacy, safety profile,
and mechanistic insights of GHSs in hypogonadal
men, with a focus on their impact on lean mass
accrual, fat redistribution, metabolic parameters, and quality
of life. We discuss clinical trial data, potential synergistic interactions with TRT,
and practical considerations for integrating GHS therapy into contemporary endocrinology practice.
Introduction
The endocrine milieu governing male body composition is complex, involving
testosterone, GH, insulin-like growth factor?1 (IGF?1), cortisol, and other modulators.
In hypogonadal men, the decline in testosterone levels precipitates
a cascade of metabolic disturbances: reduced muscle protein synthesis,
increased visceral adiposity, impaired glucose tolerance, and altered lipid profiles.
Concurrently, GH secretion patterns are often disrupted; many hypogonadal patients exhibit blunted nocturnal
peaks and lower basal levels, compounding sarcopenic changes.
Growth hormone secretagogues act by targeting the hypothalamic-pituitary axis to enhance endogenous GH release without directly administering recombinant GH.
By boosting IGF?1 production, they promote anabolic pathways in muscle and adipose tissue, potentially counteracting the catabolic sequelae of testosterone deficiency.
This review evaluates the role of GHSs within the broader therapeutic landscape for hypogonadal men, highlighting their mechanistic
underpinnings, clinical outcomes, and safety considerations.
Table 1. Growth hormone secretagogues: key characteristics
Agent Class Mechanism of Action Administration Key Clinical Findings
Sermorelin Peptide GH?releasing hormone analogue Mimics GHRH, stimulates pituitary GH release Subcutaneous injection (daily) Improves lean mass, reduces visceral
fat in pilot studies
GHRP?2 & GHRP?6 Peptide ghrelin receptor agonists Stimulate growth hormone secretagogue
receptors (GHS-R1a), increase GH secretion Subcutaneous
injection (every 8?12?h) Modest increases in IGF?1; mixed effects on body composition
Ibutamoren (MK?0677) Oral small?molecule GHSR agonist
Directly activates GHS?receptor, stimulates GH release
Oral tablet (daily) Significant gains in lean mass and reductions in fat mass in short?term trials
Ipamorelin Peptide ghrelin receptor agonist Selective stimulation of GHS-R1a with
minimal appetite effects Subcutaneous injection (every 8?12?h) Improved IGF?1 levels;
favorable safety profile
Sermorelin
Sermorelin, a synthetic analogue of growth hormone-releasing
hormone, has been employed primarily in pediatric endocrine disorders but increasingly considered
for adult hypogonadism. Its daily subcutaneous dosing mimics physiological GH pulsatility, leading to sustained elevations in IGF?1.
Early phase studies report increases in appendicular
lean mass and reductions in abdominal adiposity over 12?24 weeks.
Importantly, sermorelin’s safety profile is favorable; adverse events
are largely limited to transient injection site reactions and mild headaches.
GHRP-2 & GHRP-6
These peptides act as ghrelin receptor agonists, stimulating GH release via the hypothalamic GHS-R1a pathway.
While they effectively raise serum GH and IGF?1 levels, their impact on body
composition is variable. Some trials demonstrate modest lean mass gains but also report increases in appetite and caloric
intake, potentially offsetting metabolic benefits. Their short half-lives necessitate multiple daily injections, which may affect patient adherence.
Ibutamoren (MK-0677)
Ibutamoren represents a paradigm shift with its oral administration and potent GHSR agonism.
Clinical trials in hypogonadal men have shown robust increases in lean body mass?up to 3?kg over 12 weeks?and significant reductions in visceral
fat. Moreover, improvements in insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles were noted.
Long-term safety data are limited; concerns include potential
for hepatic enzyme elevations and mild gastrointestinal
disturbances.
Ipamorelin
A selective ghrelin receptor agonist, ipamorelin offers the advantage of minimal appetite stimulation compared to GHRP analogues.
Studies report consistent IGF?1 elevation and favorable lean mass accrual without significant
weight gain from increased caloric intake. Its dosing schedule (every 8?12?h) aligns with typical GH secretory patterns,
supporting physiological hormone release.
Conclusions
Growth hormone secretagogues provide a viable adjunctive strategy for optimizing body composition in hypogonadal men, particularly when TRT alone does not fully reverse sarcopenia or central adiposity.
Among the agents reviewed, oral Ibutamoren and subcutaneous Sermorelin demonstrate the most compelling evidence for lean mass gains and fat reduction with manageable safety profiles.
However, long-term data remain sparse, and careful patient selection is essential.
Future randomized controlled trials should focus on comparative efficacy,
optimal dosing regimens, and integration with TRT to establish definitive guidelines.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the contributions of
clinical research teams who conducted pivotal studies on growth hormone secretagogues and the
patients who participated in these investigations.
Footnotes
References
ACTIONS
RESOURCES
Similar articles
Cited by other articles
Links to NCBI Databases
Cite
Add to Collections
PERMALINK
Beyond The Androgen Receptor: The Role Of Growth Hormone Secretagogues In The Modern Management
Of Body Composition In Hypogonadal Males
Deepankar K Sinha
Adithya Balasubramanian
Alexander J Tatem
Jorge Rivera-Mirabal
Justin Yu
Jason Kovac
Alexander W Pastuszak
Larry I Lipshultz
Abstract
Hypogonadism in adult males is frequently accompanied by a
loss of lean body mass, increased adiposity, and diminished functional capacity.
While testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) remains the cornerstone for correcting hormonal deficits, it does not fully
address alterations in growth hormone (GH) dynamics
that contribute to unfavorable body composition changes.
Growth hormone secretagogues (GHSs), including synthetic peptides and small molecules that stimulate endogenous GH release, have emerged as promising adjuncts in this setting.
This review synthesizes current evidence on the efficacy, safety profile,
and mechanistic insights of GHSs in hypogonadal
men, with a focus on their impact on lean mass
accrual, fat redistribution, metabolic parameters, and quality
of life. We discuss clinical trial data, potential synergistic interactions with TRT,
and practical considerations for integrating GHS therapy into contemporary endocrinology practice.
Introduction
The endocrine milieu governing male body composition is complex, involving
testosterone, GH, insulin-like growth factor?1 (IGF?1), cortisol, and other modulators.
In hypogonadal men, the decline in testosterone levels precipitates
a cascade of metabolic disturbances: reduced muscle protein synthesis,
increased visceral adiposity, impaired glucose tolerance, and altered lipid profiles.
Concurrently, GH secretion patterns are often disrupted; many hypogonadal patients exhibit blunted nocturnal
peaks and lower basal levels, compounding sarcopenic changes.
Growth hormone secretagogues act by targeting the hypothalamic-pituitary axis to enhance endogenous GH release without directly administering recombinant GH.
By boosting IGF?1 production, they promote anabolic pathways in muscle and adipose tissue, potentially counteracting the catabolic sequelae of testosterone deficiency.
This review evaluates the role of GHSs within the broader therapeutic landscape for hypogonadal men, highlighting their mechanistic
underpinnings, clinical outcomes, and safety considerations.
Table 1. Growth hormone secretagogues: key characteristics
Agent Class Mechanism of Action Administration Key Clinical Findings
Sermorelin Peptide GH?releasing hormone analogue Mimics GHRH, stimulates pituitary GH release Subcutaneous injection (daily) Improves lean mass, reduces visceral
fat in pilot studies
GHRP?2 & GHRP?6 Peptide ghrelin receptor agonists Stimulate growth hormone secretagogue
receptors (GHS-R1a), increase GH secretion Subcutaneous
injection (every 8?12?h) Modest increases in IGF?1; mixed effects on body composition
Ibutamoren (MK?0677) Oral small?molecule GHSR agonist
Directly activates GHS?receptor, stimulates GH release
Oral tablet (daily) Significant gains in lean mass and reductions in fat mass in short?term trials
Ipamorelin Peptide ghrelin receptor agonist Selective stimulation of GHS-R1a with
minimal appetite effects Subcutaneous injection (every 8?12?h) Improved IGF?1 levels;
favorable safety profile
Sermorelin
Sermorelin, a synthetic analogue of growth hormone-releasing
hormone, has been employed primarily in pediatric endocrine disorders but increasingly considered
for adult hypogonadism. Its daily subcutaneous dosing mimics physiological GH pulsatility, leading to sustained elevations in IGF?1.
Early phase studies report increases in appendicular
lean mass and reductions in abdominal adiposity over 12?24 weeks.
Importantly, sermorelin’s safety profile is favorable; adverse events
are largely limited to transient injection site reactions and mild headaches.
GHRP-2 & GHRP-6
These peptides act as ghrelin receptor agonists, stimulating GH release via the hypothalamic GHS-R1a pathway.
While they effectively raise serum GH and IGF?1 levels, their impact on body
composition is variable. Some trials demonstrate modest lean mass gains but also report increases in appetite and caloric
intake, potentially offsetting metabolic benefits. Their short half-lives necessitate multiple daily injections, which may affect patient adherence.
Ibutamoren (MK-0677)
Ibutamoren represents a paradigm shift with its oral administration and potent GHSR agonism.
Clinical trials in hypogonadal men have shown robust increases in lean body mass?up to 3?kg over 12 weeks?and significant reductions in visceral
fat. Moreover, improvements in insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles were noted.
Long-term safety data are limited; concerns include potential
for hepatic enzyme elevations and mild gastrointestinal
disturbances.
Ipamorelin
A selective ghrelin receptor agonist, ipamorelin offers the advantage of minimal appetite stimulation compared to GHRP analogues.
Studies report consistent IGF?1 elevation and favorable lean mass accrual without significant
weight gain from increased caloric intake. Its dosing schedule (every 8?12?h) aligns with typical GH secretory patterns,
supporting physiological hormone release.
Conclusions
Growth hormone secretagogues provide a viable adjunctive strategy for optimizing body composition in hypogonadal men, particularly when TRT alone does not fully reverse sarcopenia or central adiposity.
Among the agents reviewed, oral Ibutamoren and subcutaneous Sermorelin demonstrate the most compelling evidence for lean mass gains and fat reduction with manageable safety profiles.
However, long-term data remain sparse, and careful patient selection is essential.
Future randomized controlled trials should focus on comparative efficacy,
optimal dosing regimens, and integration with TRT to establish definitive guidelines.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the contributions of
clinical research teams who conducted pivotal studies on growth hormone secretagogues and the
patients who participated in these investigations.
Footnotes
References
ACTIONS
RESOURCES
Similar articles
Cited by other articles
Links to NCBI Databases
Cite
Add to Collections
[2025-09-25 17:13:44.367726]
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